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Roth IRA vs 401(k)

Two powerful retirement accounts — here's how they differ and how to prioritize.

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A 401(k) and a Roth IRA are both retirement accounts with tax advantages, but they work differently — and many people use both. This is educational information, not personalized tax or investment advice.

Feature401(k)Roth IRA
Where you get itThrough your employerOpen it yourself at a broker
Tax treatmentUsually pre-tax now, taxed in retirementAfter-tax now, tax-free in retirement
Employer matchOften yes — free moneyNo
Contribution limitsHigherLower
Income limits to contributeNoYes, above certain incomes
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A common priority order

A widely used approach: first contribute to your 401(k) up to the full employer match (that match is an immediate return on your money), then fund a Roth IRA, then come back to the 401(k) for additional savings. Your own situation may call for a different order.

Roth vs traditional

Roth accounts are funded with after-tax money and grow tax-free; traditional accounts give you a tax break now but are taxed on withdrawal. Roth often suits people who expect to be in a similar or higher tax bracket later. Contribution and income limits change every year — check IRS.gov for the current figures.

Educational information only — not investment advice, and not a recommendation to buy any security. Expense ratios are approximate and can change; verify with the fund issuer. We are not a licensed financial advisor.

Frequently asked questions

Can I have both a 401(k) and a Roth IRA?

Yes, and many people do — they have separate contribution limits.

Is this financial advice?

No — it's general educational information. Consider your own tax situation and consult a professional.

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